Motor or pump



y 1 1956 H. A. RUETER 2,745,348

MOTOR OR PUMP Filed June 17, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. HAROLD A. RUETER ATTORNEYS May 15, 1956 H. A. RUETER 2,745,348

MOTOR OR PUMP Filed June 17, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiG. 4

INVENTOR.

HAROLD A. RUETER ATTORNEYS 'MOTOR on PUMP Harold A. Renter, Cleveland, Ohio,'assignor to Visioneering Company, Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, a corpo'rationof Ohio Application lune 17, 1952, Serial No. 294,096

' 6 Cla ims. c1. 163-4) This invention relates to an improvedhydraulic apparatus which can housed eitheras an hydraulic pump or an hydraulic motor. A i a v Heretofore, a number of machines have been proposed which may function either as an hydraulic motor or an hydraulic pump, and which are completely reversible in their operation. The amount of power such machines can handle depends upon size, and also, in large part, on the amount of fluid pressure which can be tolerated without incurring excessive losses due to leakage. Frictional losses of moving parts and internal frictional losses due to theviscosity of the fluid combine to further limit the amount of power which can be handled by the hydraulic unit. While units have been built which are capable of delivering high torque by virtue of the effective working pressure of the fluid system, prior art designs have been complicated and expensive to construct, and have not been readily adapted to be assembled or compounded as a plurality of units connected'end to end and used alternatively or collectively.

a It is the general object of this invention to avoid and overcome certain of the foregoing limitations in the prior art practices by the provision of an hydraulic pump-motor which is compact, efiicient, simplified in'its construction and assembly, and foolproof in operation. a

. Another object of the invention is-to provide an hy-. draulic motor-pumpin which leakage is held to a minimum even with very light grade oils, resulting in. reduc tion of losses due to moving parts, area of sliding surfaces, viscositylof the working fluid,and leakage of fluidifrom the system. j

Another object of the invention is the provision of an hydraulic machine in which individual units can be readily stacked or compounded in sections coupled to a common drive shaft.

Another object of the invention is to provide a motorpump which is completely reversible in its operation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a selectively compounded motor-pump in which units or sections can be cut into or by-passed from the hydraulic system whereby the speed, torque, and volume of fluid of the motor-pump can be readily controlled.

These and other objects of the invention whichwill become apparent as the description proceeds are achieved by the provision of a rotory hydraulic machine comprising a pair of cylindrical plates securedin adjacent relationship, the plates having a cylindrical bore and a pair of spaced holes passing therethrough, the holes being counterbored in'on'eof the plates and being of such diameter as to intersect the cylindrical bore. A rotor is rotatably securedwithin the bore and has a pair of flanges intermediate the'end of the rotor which slidably engage the wall of the bore, thereby forminglan annular chamber between the flanges. A pair of vanes are secured to the rotor which bridge the annular space and are diametrically positioned, the vanes slidably engaging the wall of the cylinder bore. Rotary valve members are journalled in-each of the spaced holes through the plates. An integral cylinder is formed on each ofthe rotary valve members,'the cylinderlhavinga diameter and widthsubstantially the same as the counterbores and rotating between the flanges of the rotor. Each rotary valve has a square broached hole in one of the jour-. nals which engages a .shaft of square crosssection that,

also carries a spur gear having a similar square hole through its'center. A shaft-supporting cover assembly is provided in sealed relation to one of the cylindrical plates,

rotary valve members, whereby the rotor and yalves turn together. The cylinder portion of each valve is in rolling:

engagement with the rotor between the flanges i and each cylinder is provided. with diametrically opposed notched-- out portions for receivingthe van'esas they'pass the point of rolling contact between the rotor and valve cylinders. One of the cylindrical plates has a pair of'fiuid passages therethrough communicating with the annular chamber adjacent the rotary valve disc, and a cover plate 'is provided in sealed relation to one of the cylindrical plates opposite the shaft supporting cover assembly; The cover plate, cylindrical plates, and shaft supportingcover ,assembly are bolted together in a unit. V

For a better understanding of the invention, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of the drive shaft end of the motor-pump, s

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the invention taken substantially onthe lines IITI of Fig. l;

the line Ill-III of Fig. 2; A

Fig. 4 is. an enlarged fragmentary, cross-sectional view: of the inlet-outlet passage to which the fluidline is coil-.5 P p 1 Fig; 5 is a diagrammatic view of thevalving-and fluid,

system associated with the motor-pump; and...

i is a ra me y ese ii e View stantiallyon the lines VlYlofil-Tig. 3, b

With specific reference ,tothe form of the'. illustrated in the drawings, .the numeral-10 indicates generally the motor-pump'housing which is built up 0503?,

or more sections,- each section'including two .cylindrical plates 14 and 16. While the invention contemplatesthat; 7

any number of sections 12 can be linked together in the method hereinafter described, the invention is illustrated as includingtwo sections. Each section operates in-the into -the holes 20 are bearings 24, which may be of any type, preferably a sleeve type bearing. The holes 20 are counterbored to a larger diameter, as indicated at 28. It

will be noted that the diameters of the counterbores are 7 such as to intersect the cylindricalpassage 18. I In a similar ,manner, thegcylindrijcalplate .16 isprovided with acylindrical passage 32 and spaced holes 34.

When the two plates-14 and 16 arelassembled to form one, section, the cylindrical passages 18 and 3 2, as well asthe.

holes 20 and 34, are in axial alignment. Cylindrigal'passages 18 and 32, being substantially the same diameter,

form a single cylindrical bore, indicated generally at 44,

through the pump motor section.12. Sleeve bearings 38.

are pressed into the spaced holes 34. The two plates ,14

and 16 are bolted together by'aplurality of bolts 40, and dowel pins'42 'are employed toprovide exact alignment between the plates. s

' Rotatably secured within the cylindrical bore ,4 4 ,by means of bearings 46 and 48 is the rotor 50. The bearings 2,745,348 Patented May. 15,

ant

e ia."

7 may be off' any type such as other.

ball, roller, sleeve, etc., depending on the load requirements. In the-form ofthe invention illustrated, needle bearings are employed; The center of the rotor 50 is hollow and terminates in-a shoulder 52-; adjacent one end havihga splinedhole F theremmugm Two flanges 5'6 and-58,'intermediate'the endsof the rotor, are integrallyformed on-theouterpe'ripherythereof and closely butslidably e'ngagejthe inner walls of th e'bore 4'4; and areso 'spaced asto an annular groove of substantially the samew'id'th as the depth of the eounteibores 28;" The. flangesf56 and 53 combine with the bore-'44 't'o form-fan annul'archamher60, a clearance of 'on'ly .0005". being provided between the bore and the I fi'miges toprovid'e-aneifectiveseal against the seepage; of oil underpressure from 'the'annular space'pastjtheflanges/f t ,7

Therotor -50*is providedwith a pair of vanes against ,whi'chi thefhydraulie fluid can react as -the fluid passes the annuIarchamber-60z 'These vanes, whichr are 1- lo'cated l 80 apart, "maybe rnade integral with the rotor,

' but 'i'n 'theform-of the invention-shown, vane inserts 62 and 64 are employed which are received in slots 66 and 68 V respectively cut into the rotor 50" in such a'manner that the vanes bridge the annular chamber 60-; The vanes slidably engage-the bore wall with a sliding clearance of aminimum: r

pera'ting-in conjunction with the rotor 50 to eflect V proper flow of fluid through the annular chamber 60 into operative'engagement with thevanes 62 and'64- are a pair of rotary'valve members, indicated generally: at 67. The rotary val've members include a disc-like valve cylinder or body 69 formed with trunnions 70 which are'journall'ed in the sleevebearings 24 and 38. The valve body 69 is substantially in the shape ofta cylinderwhich rotates snugly in the counterbore'30.- The outer circumference of, the valve body is 'substantially identical with that of the innencircumterence of the annular. chamber 60-onthe a running fitbetween theflanges 56 and 58.. Thus, the:

rotor androtaryvalve members revolve relative to each To provide positive drive between the rotar'y valve 7 67 by means of a shaft 80 which is preferably-square in cross-section and passes, through thesquare holes- 82 broached in the end of'therotary valve members 67' and through similar holes 84 in the'spur gears 78; 'jGear72 '7 2,745,3es t j V connection to the and 100, as shown in detail inFig. 4, which communicate.

Fig. 3. While the inlet-outlet passages 'are'illustrated with pipe thread connections, his to be understoodthat any type of fluid couplings can be, employed to co uple the 'motor-purn'psto an hydraulic pressure line.

= The inventionas. illustrated shows a second pump sec- 'tion 101 coupled to, the first pumpsection llabovefdescribed. V The second pump section is identical incon .s rllction with the first with the exceptidnthat the unit. Illustrated employs a rotorhavingayiidrf-annuleincham; her. It will be understoodthatgthewidt-h of the annular chamber can be varied over any desirable range within 7 reason, depending on the amount of power. which-is to be 7 Of course, the

transformed by the motor-pump unit. valve bodypor'tion of the rotary. valvemembers has' t'obe made correspondingly wide-to snugly fit within the flanges r on the rotor. The rotorjand' valve members ofthe additional motor pump unitsare coupled to the main-,shaft' v 76- and the square valveshafits 80 to effect proper rotation and to" couple the sections together preferablyfabout. .0005" toholdlleakage-past the vanes to posite that of the bracket-cover assembly 86. 'The cover 102' is secured. in sealed engagement with the pump section" by means of an-Orri'ng 104; It is to be understood cured in place by four bolts 106, which pass through therotor.- The width of the valve-body 69 is such that it has 4 7: A

members 67' andthe rotor 50, spur gears areprovided which; mesh with each other and are coupled to the rotor and gears 78 have the same' pitch diameter, which pitclidiameter is equal to; the diameter of the valve body 69," to insure rolling contact betweenlthe valve'bodies 68 and rotor50." V Q' I Closing one; endf'of theimotor-pumysection 12 a shaft' supporting cover assembly86'having an outer circu- ,laflflanged'cover portion '88 whi'clryabuts' against" the shoulder 90' of the cylindricaLplate 1'4 when in asse mblledl completelyreversible;

that if only one pump sectionisused, thezcover 1021's secured directly to the cylindrical plate 16; theshaft 76 r and the shaftbeing terminated flush with the outer face of the spur'gears 7-2- and 78; Covers- 86 a'nd, 102 are sepumpsec'tions' and secure the covers andvarious plates making up the pump-motor section into an assembled unit. Base members 108 are secured bymeansofbolts .110 to provide mounting means for the-motor-pump; In operation,'gthe motor-pump described canfunction either as a hydraulic pump or a hydraulic motorand is 7 When serving as a pump, for

example,'the shaft 76 is rotated by an-externalmeans (not shown), driving the rotor in the direction indicated by the arrow. See Fig; 3. As the rotor revolves, hydraulic-' fluid, trapped to the left of the vane 64When in the posi tion illustrated in Fig. 3, is forcedlahead of the vane through the'outletpassage 100. 1 While the vane'62 passes the notclr 71' inthe, valve body, fluid can byi-passthe vane 62 because the vanes; do no t, come in contact with rotary valve bodies. However, during the time'thevane 62 is passing thefirst valve body, in the'position illustrated, in Fig. 3; the fluid forced ahead by the vane 64 is stopped 'by the second valve body, whichis then in rolling (:ojn-

tact with the rotorpThus itis seen that duringjthej time the vane 62 passes thefirst valve, fluid forced ahead by the vane 64' reacts against the barrier imposed by-the rolling contact' of the second valve :jand the rotor, and therefore in turn is forced under pressure outthrough the outlet passage At the same time, movement-of the'vane 64 creates a partialvacuumon the back side- 7 which drawsoil into the inlet passage 98. As' the rotor continu'estorotate, the vane 62 comes around in posiposition. An O-ring 92 'insures a pressure seaf between 1 the cover 86 and the pl'atefl': A bearing'supportbracker; 93, welded'or otherwisesecured to the cover has ;a

hearing94' pressed therein and secured in place by means of anintemal. snap-ri'ng96. I'hemain shaft76' isjournaljed in the, bali bearing94, as. shownjinFig, 2; Arotary pressure seal 97 is provided to seal the, shat76 where it; passes. out of the pump ti 'r housingto insure. against.leakage tion' where'it passes the inlet op'ening 98'.and traps oil ahead of it-which in turnisi forced out of' theoutlet pas sage'IflD in a manner similarly described in connection withjhe. vane 6.4; Where the motor pumpis utilized as -a"motorjonly," the operation, isidentical with the exception that fluid [under pressure reacts against the vanes rather than the vane's reacting against the fluid asinthe above-described operation.

. Fig. 5 illustrates the fluid piping systemwhen morethan. 'on'e sectionisemploiyedf For: example, with. two sectio'n's both. sections. may be "used aseither. pumps o1: motors in parallel by opening, valves 112,, 116,, 118,. and 122' and' closing-valves. 114fand 120. As indicated by the dashline,

hydraulic motor-pump is pro- 7 vided through the .pipe-threadedoutlet-inlet passages 98- V to provide unitary in' section' 12, for'example, being open and valve 114 closed, fluid passes through that particular section. By closing valve 112 and 116 and opening valve 114, flow throughjsection "12, is "cut. ofl,' although fluid already trappe'd within the section 'canfr'eely r'ecirculate through the by-pass of valve 114.

While, inaccordance with the patent statutes, certain best known embodiments of the invention have been illushated and described, it is to be particularly understood that the invention is not limited thereto or thereby, but that its scope is defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. An hydraulic. motor or pump including a plurality of cylindrical motor or pump sections, each section in cluding a vaned rotor and pair of associated rotary valve members, a circular lip projecting beyond one face of each section and engaging a shoulder around the edge of the opposite face of an adjoining section, a circular cover having a shoulder around the edge engaging the projecting lip of one end section, a circular shaft-end cover having a circular lip engaging the shoulder around the edge of the other end section, bolt means securing the covers and sections together in fluid-tight relationship with an enclosed fluid-tight space provided between adjacent sections, a drive shaft passing through and coupled to the rotor in each section, said shaft extending through the shaftend cover, a rotary seal secured to the shaft-end cover and adapted to seal the shaft opening against leakage of fluid, each of'said sections having a pair of fluid inlet or outlet passages communicating with the rotor, a valve associated with each inlet or outlet passage, a fluid by-pass line directly interconnecting the inlet or outlet passages of each section intermediate the valve and the rotor, and a valve in each of said fluid by-pass lines, the by-pass valve and inlet or outlet valves of each section being mechanically coupled whereby the by-pass valve opens when the inlet or outlet valves are closed to permit recirculation of fluid through the section when it is out OK from the fluid source.

2. An hydraulic motor or pump including a plurality of cylindrical motor or pump sections, each section including a vaned rotor and pair. of associated rotory valve members, bolt means for securing said sections together in fluid-tight relationship, shaft means for coupling the rotary valve members in adjacent sections, cover means in sealed relationship with the end sections whereby the covers and sections form a fluid-tight unit, a drive shaft passing through and coupled to the rotor in each section, said shaft extending through said cover means, a rotary seal between the shaft and cover means and adapted to seal the shaft opening against leakage of fluid, each of said sections having a pair of fluid inlet or outlet passages communicating with the rotor, a valve associated with each inlet or outlet passage, a fluid by-pass line interconnecting the inlet or outlet passages of each section intermediate the valve and the rotor, and a valve in each of said fluid by-pass lines, the by-pass valve and inlet or outlet valves of each section being mechanically coupled whereby the by-pass valve opens when the inlet or outlet valves are closed to permit recirculation of fluid through the section when it is cut olf from the fluid source.

3. An hydraulic motor or pump including a plurality of.

cylindrical sections, each section having a circular lip projecting beyond one face of the section, a shoulder around the circumference adjacent the edge of the other face of the section, the lip of one section fitting against the shoulder of an adjoining section in sealed relationship, the lip providing a sealed space between the adjacent sections when in assembled position, a bore through each y a '6 a section, said bores'j being in axial alignment, a plurality of rotors having a splined hole through the center, one rotor being journaled in each of the bores, a main drive shaft 7 splined over a portion of its length and engaging'with the splined hole in each of the rotors'whereby the. rotors and shaft rotate as a unit, a pair of rotary valve means operatively associated with each rotor, said rotary valve means having a square hole. axially positioned therethrough,.a square shaft passing-through the rotary valve means'in each section, a secondsquarejshaft passing through the other of said rotary valve means in each' 'section, said square shafts rotatively coupling the valve means in each section, spur gears mounted for rotation on said square shafts between adjacent sections, spur gears meshing with said spur gears and mounted on the spline shaft whereby the rotors and'rotary valve means rotate in positive drive relationship, a circular Qcover having :a

shoulder around'the circumference thereof fitting against the shoulder of one end section, a-bracket-cover having a projecting lip fitting against the shoulder of the otherend section, bearingmeans supported, by said bracket-cover, the main shaft being journaled therein, rotaryseal means secured to the bracket-cover and adapted to seal the shaft against leakage of fluid from within the motor or pump, each of said sections having a pair of inlet or outlet passages communicating with rotors, andvalve means for diverting fluid from or to any section and including means directly connecting the outlet to the inlet of the same section for circulation of fluid in a cut-off section.

4. An hydraulic motor or pump unit including a multisection frame means having a cylindrical bore, therethrough and having aninlet and an outlet,-a rotor journaled in said bore, the rotor having an annular groove around the circumference thereof intermediate the ends of the rotor, said annular groove combining with the wall of the bore to form an annular working chamber, the frame means having at least two fluid inlet or outlet passages therethrough communicating with the annular working chamber, a pair of rotary valve members journaled in the flame means, the rotary valve members being in rolling contact with the periphery of the rotor and providing fixed barriers therein to the flow of fluid through the annular chamber, a pair of vanes in diametrically opposed position outlet with rotation of the valve members, means rotatably connecting the rotor and valve members in positive drive relationship, and bearings for said rotor, said multisection frame means being counterbored on a face thereof to provide a recess for receiving parts of said rotary valve members therein.

5. In compounded combination, a plurality of hydraulic motor or pump'units, each unit comprising frame means having a cylindrical bore therethrough and having an inlet and an outlet, a rotor journaled in said bore, the rotor having an axially short annular groove around the circumference thereof intermediate the ends of the rotor, said annular groove combining with the wall of the bore to form an annular working chamber, the frame means having at least two fluid inlet or outlet passages. therethrough communicating with the annular chambena pair of rotary valve members journaled in the frame means,

the rotary valve members being in rolling contact with the nnitsare effectively operated; t v

6}1'n componnded combination, -a-pl'1'1rality of hydraulic between the rotor and, valve. members, the vanes provi ng.

compartmenfsfinfthe' working chamber individually and t ,alfernately'onnectingth the inlet or outlet with rotationof flie valve members, and means rotatably connecting the rotorand valve, members in positive drive relationship;

means: for releasably seeiiring 'thef frame, 7 means of the plurality of-i ni't's together, {means releasably connecting the, rotors of the! units. t'ogetherg means releasably connect- 'ingfthejrespectiy valve. members of the unitsltogether,

a manifold inletf 'sjupplyifigifluid', to each unit, a manifold. outletffor"rceivingfluid'fromr eachjunit, a by-p'ass for circiilatingfli'lid' directly fr m, the outlet to the inlet of each unit andtvalve means, associated with each 'nnitrpassl 'andconnecting the manifold inlet for closing vthej. V andolitlet to, thefunitwherwy any number of selected motor or'pnmp units,rea ch unit comprising framemeans V having a cylindricalbore there through andhaving' an inlet and an outlet, awrotor jonrnaled ihtsaid bore, the rotor having an, axially'short annular groove around the circum-' ference thereof intermediate the ends of the rotor, said annular groove combining/with the wall offlthe here to form an annular workingchamher, the frame means.

having ati least twq fltlid inletQor 'qutl'et'paslsages therethroughjcommunicating with; the annular chamber, apair relationship; wherein;.-thef units ;are placed in end the cylindrical bores iof the frame'means Of adja'cent'nnits are in alignment,and ;are'separated' onlybyfthe n16 drive} a pair of vanes in tdiametricallyppposed position secured a to the rotorandbri"dgingithe. annularchamber, the outer, edgepof the vanes being'flin sliding contaetiwith the wali ofJthe bore, the valve members having notchedipqrtions; adaptedto receive the vanesas'rthevanes pass thepoi'ntf of V 7 contact between the rotor f and 'valve members', the vanes Pm i gico np t me sjinr t eworki iic am 'ihd v uallyandalternatelyfcomecting'to the inlet gm; outletwith v rotation of the "valve r'nernblers, v animeans rotatably c necting the, rotonrand'yalve' members} positive relation with adjacent end frame nrigeansrentw ved hereby? c'onnectingrthe rotor, and'jvalve members in positiv relationship, mean 'sffor ireleasabl'y 'secllring,,the frame 7 means" of th'e'pl'urality Qfiunitstdgether, means releasably' connecting the rotors of the units together, means re.-

. leasably connecting the respective valv members of the a hnn'it, and a manifold outlet f r eceiving fluid'fromi eachunit. U a i V w of rotary valve members jQurnaled in the frame means, the rotary valve members, being in, rolling contact: with the periphery of' the rotor and providing fixedbarriers. therein to the flow of,-fluid1throug'h the annular Chamber,

units together, a manifold 1 inlet for snppplying fluid "to;

'- References glited 'inithe file patent: I UNITED ST 'X-TESL PATENTS' Apr. 30,1895 

